Spontaneous Hemorrhage Leading to Loosening of the Tibial Component After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report

Abstract

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for end-stage knee diseases. Postoperative complications such as infection, loosening, and joint instability are well-documented, but spontaneous hemorrhage leading to prosthetic loosening is exceedingly rare. This case report describes a 64-year-old female who developed loosening of the tibial component due to spontaneous hemorrhage 10 months after bilateral TKA. The patient presented with pain, swelling, and restricted mobility in the left knee. Intraoperative findings revealed massive hemarthrosis and complete loosening of the tibial component. Revision surgery was performed, resulting in significant symptom relief. This report, combined with a literature review, explores the etiology and adverse effects of spontaneous hemorrhage following TKA.