The Explored the Risk Factors and Therapeutic Effects of Invasive Mole Metastasis: A Retrospective Analysis
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to identify the risk factors and therapeutic effects associated with invasive mole (IM) metastasis.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of IM patients at Zhuzhou Central Hospital from June 2015 to June 2020. The patients were divided into metastatic and nonmetastatic groups, and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) evaluation of tumors size, depth of uterine muscle infiltration, and theca lutein cyst of the ovary. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors and treatment outcomes associated with metastasis.
Results: A total of 67 patients were included in the study, comprising 33 patients in the metastatic group and 34 in the nonmetastatic group. The presence of theca lutein cysts in the ovaries and the time of the first uterine evacuation after amenorrhea were identified as high-risk factors for IM metastasis (univariate: p=0.009 and p=0.000; multivariate: p=0.002 and p=0.022). The sensitivity and specificity of TVS in detecting theca lutein cyst of the ovary were 82.4% (14/17) and 88.0% (44/50), respectively. The average diameter of theca lutein cyst of the ovary in the metastatic group was significantly larger than that in the non-metastatic group (4.2 ± 1.1 cm vs. 2.8 ± 0.9 cm, p=0.012). All patients achieved remission after chemotherapy, except for 3 patients who were resistant to treatment and 1 patient who relapsed. No significant difference in chemotherapy toxicity was observed between the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The presence of theca lutein cyst of the ovary and the time of the first uterine evacuation after amenorrhea were identified as high-risk factors for IM metastasis. All patients achieved remission after chemotherapy, with no significant difference in chemotherapy toxicity between metastatic and nonmetastatic IM cases.