The Mechanism of CCR5 in Tumors and Therapeutic Strategies

Abstract

With the continuous development of immunotherapy technology, immunotherapy has gradually become a key means of cancer treatment. Among them, chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) can regulate immune responses and is an important target for a variety of tumor immunotherapies. CCR5 belongs to the β chemokine receptor family, a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that is widely expressed in a variety of immune cells and tumor cells and is involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. CCR5 is aberrantly expressed in a variety of solid tumors (such as breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma) and hematologic malignancies, and is closely related to the poor prognosis of tumors by recruiting immune cells and regulating the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. At present, initial results have been achieved in the treatment of CCR5-targeted tumors, and small molecule inhibitors of CCR5 such as leronlimab, maraviroc and vicriviroc have entered clinical studies. This article reviews the mechanism of CCR5 in tumorigenesis and progression, as well as the development history and application prospects of CCR5-targeted therapy strategies.