Trends and Outcomes in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Decade of Evidence from a Single Center

Abstract

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a significant urological cancer with diverse treatment outcomes based on clinical and pathological factors. This study provided a comprehensive decade-long analysis of RCC management, focusing on evolving surgical techniques and their impact on prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 950 patients with RCC who underwent surgery between 2009 and 2017. Data collection included demographic details, surgical methods (open surgery, laparoscopy, and robot-assisted laparoscopy), and follow-up outcomes. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models to evaluate the prognostic impact of various clinical and pathological variables.

Results: A total of 950 patients were included in the study (mean age: 55.92 years). The study highlighted the significant survival advantages associated with minimally invasive surgical techniques. Robot-assisted laparoscopic approaches showed superior survival rates compared to open surgeries (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that key prognostic factors impacting survival included age (HR =1.04, p = 0.006), RCC subtype (HR = 6.523, p < 0.001), sarcoma-like lesion (HR =3.90, p = 0.015) and hemoglobin (HR =0.98, p = 0.017).

Conclusion: This extensive analysis confirmed that surgical innovation in RCC treatment significantly enhances patient outcomes. Our study not only showed taht the shift towards minimally invasive surgery aligns with improved survival rates but also highlights important prognostic factors based on the patient. These findings advocate continued advancements in surgical techniques and a deeper understanding of RCC prognostic factors to optimize treatment strategies.

Keywords: renal cell carcinoma; open nephrectomy; laparoscopic nephrectomy; robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy