Evaluation of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Methanolic Extract Loaded Niosomal Gel for Anti- Inflammatory and Anti- Rheumatic Activity

Abstract

Neolamarckia cadamba is a medicinal plant known for its anti-inflammatory and therapeutic properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic activities of Neolamarckia cadamba leaf extract and its niosomal formulation. The leaf extract was prepared by Soxhlet extraction and formulated into niosomes to enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using protein denaturation inhibition and HRBC membrane stabilization assays, while anti-rheumatic activity was evaluated by protein denaturation and anti-collagenase inhibition methods. The results demonstrated concentration-dependent activity for both the extract and niosomal formulation. However, the niosomal formulation exhibited significantly higher inhibition and membrane stabilization compared to the crude extract in all assays. The enhanced activity may be attributed to improved stability, bioavailability, and sustained release of phytoconstituents. The findings support the traditional use of Neolamarckia cadamba and suggest that niosomal drug delivery systems can be a promising approach for the treatment of inflammatory and rheumatic disorders.